Valdi

Working at a company that uses react-native I wish nothing more than for the end of app stores and differing platform languages.

We're heavily considering just having a website next year with a mobile app using webview, and then native code for the native notifications, GPS and healthkit / health connect.

I feel like AI is changing the equation, its nearly better to write your business UI 3 times one for each platform.

Looks in concept very similar to React Native. So now we have React Native, Lynx.js (ByteDance/Tiktok) and Valdi all based on React. I think competition is good for devs. But not sure if any of those will create ecosystem and community big enough and fast enough to React Native.

React Native grew a lot this year and a lot of things got or will be improved and copied from Lynx or Valid:

- 3 modes of compilation (AOT, JIT) from Valdi will be in static hermes (RN) in coming months.

- native binding generation -> RN already have such official generator and also nitro/nitrogen, they also working on Node-API

- executing animation and JS code in different thread (Lynx.js) -> worklet library in RN from swmansion

- tailwindcss support (Lynx) -> uniwind in RN land.

I think Lynx.js maybe have better shot at React Native since they want to support other frameworks instead of only React.

I was at Snap during this project’s early days (Screenshop!) and spent a bit of time debugging some stuff directly with Simon. He’s a wonderful engineer and I’m thrilled to see this project out in the open. Congratulations Snap team! Well deserved.

I’m not sure I trust snap of all companies to make a good cross platform framework after how terrible their android app has been.

I cannot possibly think of something I would want to use less. A Snapchat-developed UI framework where communication is done via Discord sounds like something carefully designed to repulse me.

> Valdi is a cross-platform UI framework that delivers native performance without sacrificing developer velocity. Write your UI once in declarative TypeScript, and it compiles directly to native views on iOS, Android, and macOS—no web views, no JavaScript bridges.

If you are curious how components' state is handled, they employed the React class components method:

  // Import the StatefulComponent
  import { StatefulComponent } from 'valdi_core/src/Component';
  
  // ViewModel + State interfaces for component
  export interface TimerViewModel { loop: number }
  interface TimerState { elapsed: number }
  
  // Component class
  export class Timer extends StatefulComponent<TimerViewModel, TimerState> {
    // Initialize the state
    state = { elapsed: 0 };
    // When creating the component, start a periodic logic
    private interval?: number;
  
    // Initialize the setInterval that will update state once a second incrementing
    // the `elapsed` state value.
    onCreate() {
      this.interval = setInterval(() => {
        // Increment the state to trigger a re-render periodically
        const elapsed = this.state.elapsed;
        const loop = this.viewModel.loop;
        this.setState({ elapsed: (elapsed + 1) % loop });
      }, 1000);
    }
  
    // When component is removed, make sure to cleanup interval logic
    onDestroy() {
      if (this.interval) clearInterval(this.interval);
    }
  
    // Render visuals will depend both on the state and the view model
    onRender() {
      <view padding={30} backgroundColor='lightblue'>
        <label value={`Time Elapsed: ${this.state.elapsed} seconds`} />;
        <label value={`Time Looping every: ${this.viewModel.loop} seconds`} />;
      </view>;
    }
  }

https://github.com/Snapchat/Valdi/blob/main/docs/docs/core-s...

I looked at the source code (as an amateur application developer) and boy, is it over-engineered and complex! Then I remember having built a complex Cordova app more than a decade ago, where I had to make C++, JNI and Javascript interop all play nice and this project feels a lot like that. Lots of moving parts. I suppose this is just the way things are when you are targetting such different ecosystems as Android and iOS _natively_, at the lowest level.

As a solo-dev, I realize well that this project isn't for me. This could be a great tool for experienced folks who know what they are doing. I will stick to Tauri and React Native, it does 80% of what I care about with 20% of the effort. Or until someone builds a nice wrapper around this to make it easy to use (and also add targets for x86_64/aarch64 builds).

Just write 2 native UIs in the 2 platform native languages and share a common core written in any language that offers a C like FFI.

How hard could it be?

This looks promising. I would love to see more examples of what this can do along with screenshots. As is, there is a single Hello World and the components library is “coming soon”. But if it can deliver what it promises that would be pretty cool. React Native is I think the main popular framework in this space.

Unfortunately no Linux, Windows or even HTML targets?

What does using native view mean? Do they invoke native ui controls instead of drawing their own? Seems similar to boden - https://www.boden.io/

This is so cool! I'm a React-Native developer, and I'm glad to see more options like this coming into existence.

So this is like all those other frameworks that compile to native components, except this one is natively Typescript?

I’ll take it

I often wonder how the economics are justified in making in house frameworks. What is it about Snapchat that requires a new framework but not other apps?

Native performance doesn't earn that much user goodwill without native layout and behavior. You can't make a single design for many platforms and please everyone who chose each platform for what it is. Unless perhaps you are Snap and having a _unique_ UI is part of the appeal for your young-leaning audience.

Snapchat also maintains Djinni, used to generate type-safe bindings for C++ code. With Valdi, it seems like they chose to go another route.

https://github.com/Snapchat/djinni

"A C++, Objective-C or Kotlin object or function exposed to TypeScript is called a Native Reference within the runtime. A TypeScript function exposed to C++, Objective-C or Kotlin is called a JS Value Reference."

Concerning that there's no mention of Swift there. Or SwiftUI.

I built an app in capacitor react which usea webview. It's called Snap Tap Relax its on android and app store. I think it is good for webview. Mind letting me know what you think? Is it slow or good? Notice that it's not native?

Is there an AI agent that excels that translating UI codes between SwiftUI, Jetpack Compose and web?

I wish the native iOS part was written in Swift rather than Objective-C like RN.

I've worked and researched heavily in this field. If you want to write one codebase that hits all platforms with _actual native performance_ your only option at the moment is RN/Expo.

I imagine unpopular opinion, but I don't like the React design or syntax, its adoption was one of the reasons it made me move away from front-end. I'd rather Valdi and other efforts have a different opinionated design and syntax, less over-engineering and more fun.

So now I can finally implement the most god-awful, ugly, cumbersome and unintuitive GUI methodology ever to face a large population of users into my own apps? This abomination that started the whole user-experience decline by making this kind of yuck the gold standard for apps today is finally open source?

Color me yellow.

Ah yes, Snapchat, an app famous for its high performance, efficient apps, which definitely never made your phone hot and drained your battery.

Seriously, if there’s an app that sticks in my head for being noticeably laggy, you couldn’t pick a better example than Snapchat.

> Valdi – A cross-platform UI framework

I presume this is a Text UI. How does it compares with ncurses and termcap ? /s

Not related to this, but abandoning Key DB was the worst thing they could do.

Its hard to imagine not going fully native in the modern day with coding agents. Most of the code can just be clanked out.

Not to troll , Do you need such shims in the era of llm ?

Working at a company that uses react-native I wish nothing more than for the end of app stores and differing platform languages.

We're heavily considering just having a website next year with a mobile app using webview, and then native code for the native notifications, GPS and healthkit / health connect.

I feel like AI is changing the equation, its nearly better to write your business UI 3 times one for each platform.

I did this and never looked back.

It’s called a “WebView app” and you can get a really good experience on all platforms using them. Just:

- don’t make any crazy decisions on your fundamental UI components, like breadcrumbs, select dropdowns, etc

- add a few platform-specific specialisations to those same components, to make them feel a bit more familiar, such as button styling, or using a self-simplifying back-stack on Android

- test to make sure your webview matches the native browser’s behaviour where it matters. For example, sliding up the view when the keyboard is opened on mobile, navigating back & forth with edge-swipes on iOS, etc

I also went the extra step and got service workers working, for a basic offline experience, and added a native auto network diagnostic tool that runs on app startup and checks “Can reach local network” “Can reach internet (1.1.1.1)” “Can resolve our app’s domain” etc etc, so users can share where it failed to get quicker support. But this is an app for small-to-medium businesses, not consumer-facing, and the HTML5 part is served from the server and cached. I haven’t thought much about what you might need to do additionally for a consumer app, or a local-first app.

That. And specifically, fuck Apple and their prohibition on JITs.

We have a React Native app that shares some code with a webapp, and that needs to do some geometry processing. So we're constantly playing the game of "will it interpret quick enough". Everything works fine in browsers, but in a RN app it often slows down to unusable speeds.

Using apps made with Electron or those so-called "universal" UI frameworks I wish nothing more than for everything to be native.

They always have to give up some basic or hidden conveniences that native controls get for free, so they always feel slightly different and "off" in a weird way which induces a constant vague annoyance while using them, like walking with a little pebble in your shoe, or a sitting in an chair that isn't balanced right.

It's funny how even after 50 years UI still isn't "solved" ..before writing a universal API, we don't even have universal consensus, or at least some kind of standards authority, on how controls should behave.

Hell not even users can’t agree, as would be seen on any comments about this topic, on stuff like whether lists should scroll up when swiping down, or scroll down when swiping up :')

I started with desktop applications, so my go-to for GUI has been Qt, especially QML. It works on Windows / MacOS / Linux as well as iOS and Android. I think there’s now a way to compile QML to webassembly as well. It also has a ton of support classes that are loosely analogous to the various *Kit things supplied on iOS and Android.

The downside is that the core of Qt is in C++, so it’s mostly seen (or used for?) embedded contexts.

I recently used Slint as well, which isn’t anywhere near as mature, but is at least written in Rust and has some type-safety benefits.

SwiftUI is pretty good too, and I wish I got to work on Apple platforms more.

To me, the simplicity of creating a “Button” when you want a button makes more sense, instead of a React component that’s a div styled by layers of CSS and brought to life by JavaScript.

But I’m kind of bummed that I started with that route (well, and writing partial UI systems for game / media engines a few times) because most people learned web apps and the DOM, and it’s made it harder to get the kind of work I identify with.

So it’s hard for me to recommend Qt due to the career implications…but at the same for the projects I’ve worked on, it’s made a smaller amount of work go a longer way with a more native feel than electron apps seem to have.

If you still need to wrap a cross-platform web experience in a native container, I really begin to lose the plot. Once you are engaged with the iOS code signing monster, you might as well go all the way into the ecosystem.

To me, the web is the way around the app stores and codesign. I know how to visit HN on my iPhone despite there not being an official native app for it. It can work. The challenge is making it work in your particular case. Fear that the user wont know how to access the product seems to be a primary factor driving hyperbolic takes on how consumer apps must be built. Perhaps a bit of marketing budget (scan this QR code / visit this link) could eliminate a very expensive tech problem. Why fight visibility in the crowded App Store when there are countless other advertising channels you could pour your resources into?

> native code for the native notifications, GPS and healthkit / health connect.

Modern web can address everything here but the HealthKit item. You could consider handling this with a simple companion application that is exclusively about the collection and transfer of the data while respecting user privacy & consent procedures.

I try this every decade. Love the first few months for speed. Then I end up paying the price later when I want to integrate "new OS feature X" or make a system gesture/style/animation feel native.

Lack of swipe for back on iOS is usually the easiest way to tell I'm looking at a web view.

But it's been about a decade so I'm due...

> its nearly better to write your business UI 3 times one for each platform.

Anyone have any experience of doing this for a complex and long-life app?

Sounds like a nightmare that would increase friction and decrease development fun by x10 because of the huge overhead and tedium of having to keep your features and tests in sync across platform for every change you want to iterate on, and requiring developers be proficient at multiple stacks.

I get the usual complaints about bad webview implementations, but separate native codebases sounds like a prohibitively enormous tradeoff if most users only perceive the UX as being a little better than a good webview implementation. I feel like I'm missing something that native codebases is suggested as if it's a simple alternative, or this is coming from people that aren't actually involved in this?

I recently downloaded the Moodle app and was surprised to find it's powered by Ionic and a webview, which I only realized due to CSS misconfigurations that caused the app to fall back to Serif font for CJK glyphs.

Recent mid-tier phones are powerful enough that webview has a negligible impact on performance.

I personally have a preference for Apple's native frameworks. From a purely engineering standpoint, they're very well thought out and have very clear separations of concerns. Spending my time with their libraries helped me write good, scalable code for platforms beyond their own.

That said, platform lock-in is bad for business because it makes operations dependent on a single provider, but I have no delusions that a web front-end is better.

From an engineering standpoint, front-end web frameworks are less complete and require too many third-party libraries and tooling to assemble. From a UX standpoint, it's actually worse--almost every website you visit today spams you upfront with Google sign-in and invasive cookie permission requests that you can't refuse. But never mind that--from a purely business standpoint, a single platform accessible anywhere saves costs. Most importantly, however, the web is a "safe space" for deploying software anti-patterns without an intermediary entity (i.e an app store) to police your code, so you can do whatever the heck you want.

I'd wish for nothing more than the end of web and app front-ends in favor of purely structured data derived from natural language prompts by users. However, the more realistic mindset seems to be that: the front-end layer is such a high level of abstraction with a very low barrier to entry, so that its tech stack will be in constant flux, in favor of whoever's currently the best-financed entity seeking the most market share, the most developer mind-share, and the most behavioral control among its users.

CapacitorJS makes for a REALLY awesome app dev experience compared with React Native. It's basically just a really well integrated system for building exactly what you describe. The company I work at made the switch from an RN app to a CJS one and it was might and day in so many ways, performance included!

I did this and never looked back.

It’s called a “WebView app” and you can get a really good experience on all platforms using them. Just:

- don’t make any crazy decisions on your fundamental UI components, like breadcrumbs, select dropdowns, etc

- add a few platform-specific specialisations to those same components, to make them feel a bit more familiar, such as button styling, or using a self-simplifying back-stack on Android

I have never once experienced a WebView app that I would say had “a really good experience.”

Gathering all the metaphors (I know) here for reference:

   - "All toupées look fake. I've never seen one that I couldn't tell was fake." [1]
   - All CGI in movies looks fake. It jumps out at me every time I see it."
   - All WebView apps suck. Every one I've seen has a bad obviously-web-derived UI.

re: that last one though -- I'd at least acknowledge that WebView apps are roughly at the end of the early-2000's era of CGI: not exactly "The Rock in The Scorpion King" bad, but generally not at the level of Avatar or Les Misérables.

1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45250878

I made a (hobby) project that utilized this strategy (Flutter + wrapped webview app), and it honestly seems like the way to go for my needs.

Using webviews on native platforms can look very appealing from a management perspective: a single codebase, simpler coordination, reduced UX overhead, and faster iteration cycles.

However, from the user's side, this approach often results in a buggy, inconsistent experience that lacks the responsiveness and smoothness of a true native app that elusive "snappy" feeling (i know, I hate that word too)

Companies usually choose this route because it's cheaper, but that same "cheap mentality" often seeps into the overall product quality. Corners get cut, bugs get ignored, and long-term maintenance becomes a mess.

From a developer's perspective, it's a nightmare You're essentially expected to deliver on three platforms doing the work of three people for the same $ In theory, any web developer could handle it. In practice, you need to understand all the native platforms just to maintain some basic, stable integrations even with frameworks like React Native.

The result? Maybe 20% of your time goes into actual feature development, 30% into testing, and the remaining 70% into fixing obscure, platform-specific bugs while working overtime under pressure from cost-driven management.

In my experience, developers will do almost anything to avoid dealing with the native parts of this kind of setup those tasks usually get dumped on whoever is most "familiar" with native, because it's such a pain to handle.

And let's not forget QA testing across these hybrid layers is an absolute nightmare as well.

In the end, my view is simple: If a company can't afford dedicated native teams, they probably shouldn't build a native app. (Of course, smaller apps with limited complexity should be fine)

Works until you need complex native code for things like automatic image capture assisted by a bounding model.

Isn't there a high chance your app is going to be rejected from app stores because you use a web view? You can change your whole app completely upon approval.

Or you ship your HTML/JS and not just embed a URL?

Do you use some framework for "WebView app" ? Like Tauri, etc ? Or is everything coded from scratch ?

What is your app? Would love to try it out to get a feel for the experience.

How is a WebView app better than a webapp?

Perhaps you mean PWAs and not WebView apps? WebView apps suck big-time.

At least now I know who the offending devs are.

This is so cool! I'm a React-Native developer, and I'm glad to see more options like this coming into existence.

What does using native view mean? Do they invoke native ui controls instead of drawing their own? Seems similar to boden - https://www.boden.io/

Unfortunately no Linux, Windows or even HTML targets?

Concerning that there's no mention of Swift there. Or SwiftUI.

Snapchat also maintains Djinni, used to generate type-safe bindings for C++ code. With Valdi, it seems like they chose to go another route.

https://github.com/Snapchat/djinni

Is there an AI agent that excels that translating UI codes between SwiftUI, Jetpack Compose and web?

> Valdi – A cross-platform UI framework

I presume this is a Text UI. How does it compares with ncurses and termcap ? /s

Not related to this, but abandoning Key DB was the worst thing they could do.

Ah yes, Snapchat, an app famous for its high performance, efficient apps, which definitely never made your phone hot and drained your battery.

Seriously, if there’s an app that sticks in my head for being noticeably laggy, you couldn’t pick a better example than Snapchat.

I cannot possibly think of something I would want to use less. A Snapchat-developed UI framework where communication is done via Discord sounds like something carefully designed to repulse me.

Tons of software projects have moved their communities to discord. Not saying it's a great thing, but you're self selecting out of the future.

I wholeheartedly agree for the same reasons, and I even use discord a lot (for personal/social reasons, not for support/business reasons).

Just write 2 native UIs in the 2 platform native languages and share a common core written in any language that offers a C like FFI.

How hard could it be?

I agree, this is the way. To be clear: I'm not a mobile developer, and have only dabbled with it over the years, but I'm generally familiar with the stacks.

If you want to simplify development of a cross-platform app, your work should start by architecting the software in a way that the core business logic is agnostic to the user interfaces. Then your web, mobile, and desktop GUIs, CLI, TUI, API, and any other way a user interacts with your program are simply thin abstractions that call your core components.

The complexity of each UI will inevitably vary, and it might not be possible to offer a consistent experience across platforms or to leverage unique features of each platform without making your core a tangled mess, so this is certainly not "easy" to do in practice, but this approach should avoid the bulk of the work of targetting individual platforms than if you had done it any other way. It should also avoid depending on a 3rd-party framework that may or may not exist a few years down the line.

I hear this and it makes sense but when I actually go about implementing it, it quickly falls apart.

Most apps are UI, remote requests and maybe some storage. What do you put in the common core? Android does HTTP requests one way. iOS does them another way. You go for the lowest common denominator an implement a third way, using libcurl or something?

Or do you just put business logic in the common core? Is there really that much business logic that doesn't issue requests or access a database?

This is the direction we are going, but at the moment we are doing iOS only, but with the plan of learning the users UX needs in iOS before investing in Android, which is a bit strange because most of our team are on Android, but our users are on iOS.

Every time I see a new project like Valdi, I am hoping for something that is truly magical and cross platform, but I'm always steered away by comments like yours and people saying "you have to do native".

For context, I am a dev, and I've done RN apps in the past.

With Swift SDK for Android, you can write all of your code logic in Swift for both and only need write the native UI related code for Android and iOS.

https://www.swift.org/blog/nightly-swift-sdk-for-android/

React Native grew a lot this year and a lot of things got or will be improved and copied from Lynx or Valid:

- 3 modes of compilation (AOT, JIT) from Valdi will be in static hermes (RN) in coming months.

- native binding generation -> RN already have such official generator and also nitro/nitrogen, they also working on Node-API

- executing animation and JS code in different thread (Lynx.js) -> worklet library in RN from swmansion

- tailwindcss support (Lynx) -> uniwind in RN land.

I think Lynx.js maybe have better shot at React Native since they want to support other frameworks instead of only React.

after small digging they have Full VSCode debugging [0] which is nice. RN have Radon IDE but it's a paid sub. What's interesting Valdi using Hermes (the one from RN) so maybe there is a way to retrofit this to work for RN. Wondering if they did AOT and JIT by themselve or they using static hermes branch or using only hermes in dev mode.

[0] https://github.com/Snapchat/Valdi/blob/main/docs/docs/workfl...

So this is like all those other frameworks that compile to native components, except this one is natively Typescript?

I’ll take it

I think? there isn't a typescript runtime? just a build time? I'm not positive how business logic gets executed but:

> it compiles directly to native views

I'm surprised Snap of all companies invested in a cross-platform UI framework given how simple their app seems in comparison to more complex ones out there.

And more importantly, Snapchat seems like an app which could highly benefit from tight integration with native features (eg. camera, AR features, notifications, screenshot detection, etc.)

Definitely one of the cooler projects to watch while I was there. I recall the goal was to open-source it from early on, so I'm glad to see it come to fruition!

Same! I've worked with Simon on this and tried (and failed) to port it to web. Truly a smart guy - and congratulations to the rest of the team!

Would you use this framework for a project today?

I’m not sure I trust snap of all companies to make a good cross platform framework after how terrible their android app has been.

I think it’s been changed since, but wow was it weird finding out that instead of taking photos, the Android app used to essentially take a screenshot of the camera view.

If you are curious how components' state is handled, they employed the React class components method:

  // Import the StatefulComponent
  import { StatefulComponent } from 'valdi_core/src/Component';
  
  // ViewModel + State interfaces for component
  export interface TimerViewModel { loop: number }
  interface TimerState { elapsed: number }
  
  // Component class
  export class Timer extends StatefulComponent<TimerViewModel, TimerState> {
    // Initialize the state
    state = { elapsed: 0 };
    // When creating the component, start a periodic logic
    private interval?: number;
  
    // Initialize the setInterval that will update state once a second incrementing
    // the `elapsed` state value.
    onCreate() {
      this.interval = setInterval(() => {
        // Increment the state to trigger a re-render periodically
        const elapsed = this.state.elapsed;
        const loop = this.viewModel.loop;
        this.setState({ elapsed: (elapsed + 1) % loop });
      }, 1000);
    }
  
    // When component is removed, make sure to cleanup interval logic
    onDestroy() {
      if (this.interval) clearInterval(this.interval);
    }
  
    // Render visuals will depend both on the state and the view model
    onRender() {
      <view padding={30} backgroundColor='lightblue'>
        <label value={`Time Elapsed: ${this.state.elapsed} seconds`} />;
        <label value={`Time Looping every: ${this.viewModel.loop} seconds`} />;
      </view>;
    }
  }

https://github.com/Snapchat/Valdi/blob/main/docs/docs/core-s...

I miss the React class components. No need for 30 different and error prone useFunctions

Checked it out out of curiosity and it feels very much close to native

I wish the native iOS part was written in Swift rather than Objective-C like RN.

Why though? You aren’t interacting with it. What difference does it make?

I've worked and researched heavily in this field. If you want to write one codebase that hits all platforms with _actual native performance_ your only option at the moment is RN/Expo.

Flutter performs better than RN in my experience (mobile)

“We’ve got both kinds. Country and western!”

Color me yellow.

I hope it has "load spam ads directly into the list the user was about to touch somehow the millisecond before they touch it using magical force field technology so they click the wrong thing every time" functionality. I've been missing that in my apps

It's a really wonky app. The main feature works fine, no issue. Their "Stories" section, I can't can navigate that at all, there a no hint to how it works, so I don't use it. Seems a little weird, given that this is where the ads are, why wouldn't Snapchat make that easier to use?

There's also views I can get into which I can't figure out how to leave, so I force close the app to get back.

I don't necessarily think that's a flaw of the framework, just how Snapchat designs their app.

Snap is the greatest innovator of user experiences in this generation. This is evidenced by the fact that literally every other social media app is just a hodgepodge copycat of sorts of what snap invented. For people who introduced themselves to tech with snap as one of their first apps, its the most intuitive thing ever.

When they first introduced video calls, schools had to close for a day.

Imagine then you come here and see someone calls it awful. Can't help but think its just an instance of "old man yelling at clouds".

God forbid someone try something different. The app isn’t really made for people that only know how to doom scroll.

I often wonder how the economics are justified in making in house frameworks. What is it about Snapchat that requires a new framework but not other apps?

As opposed to what? As opposed to not using a framework or using some other framework?

Using frameworks is expensive by orders of magnitude. It’s additional code which greatly increases tech debt and slows the execution time of the given product pretty significantly. Think about it like this: a business with high confidence developers can ship a new SPA in a tenth of the time just using vanilla JavaScript that fully renders to screen with complete state restoration across the internet in less than a quarter second. That also means the business saves boat loads of cash by shipping faster, experimenting against its user’s behavior, and needing only a quarter of the headcount. So, where do you find these people and how do you retain them?

The economics are pretty simple and completely offensive/hostile to the developers. It’s ultimately about hiring and firing. Developers are a cost center to the business so the goal is to always eliminate training and turn them into a replaceable commodity. That’s it. That developers believe this is somehow a great empowerment is a double win for the employer.

The reason a company might introduce a new framework is because they encounter a problem not immediately solved by existing frameworks. The more frequently that same problem occurs the more a new framework pays for itself.

Valdi seems very similar in concept to React Native but Meta being the biggest competition to them you unlikely gonna depend on that even if better. Same reason ByteDance (Tiktok) doing Lynx.js (also similar to Valdi and React Native and also based on React).

The only FAANG scale companies that adopted React Native are Microsoft and Amazon because they aren't directly competing with Meta.

Given the user hostility of Google and Apple (and the rest) and the rate at which they emulate competitors and try to crush them, I’d start at a small library or framework and not stop until I had a whole OS.

Its hard to imagine not going fully native in the modern day with coding agents. Most of the code can just be clanked out.

If your entire company is all about making a single good app, I doubt having AI changes the architecture much. Its still an architectural decision of whether you're going to have a single codebase for your app and focus on a framework to transpile it. Either way you need actual teams of experts on iOS android etc, no single person is going to master all of them.

Yeah, with coding agents you can turn out a buggy mess 10 times as fast!

This is laughably wrong. Expo exported to a web target is the same or better than Capacitor.

How is this different than Expo?

I have never once experienced a WebView app that I would say had “a really good experience.”

Not to troll , Do you need such shims in the era of llm ?

The downside is that the core of Qt is in C++, so it’s mostly seen (or used for?) embedded contexts.

I recently used Slint as well, which isn’t anywhere near as mature, but is at least written in Rust and has some type-safety benefits.

SwiftUI is pretty good too, and I wish I got to work on Apple platforms more.

To me, the simplicity of creating a “Button” when you want a button makes more sense, instead of a React component that’s a div styled by layers of CSS and brought to life by JavaScript.

Recent mid-tier phones are powerful enough that webview has a negligible impact on performance.

Gathering all the metaphors (I know) here for reference:

   - "All toupées look fake. I've never seen one that I couldn't tell was fake." [1]
   - All CGI in movies looks fake. It jumps out at me every time I see it."
   - All WebView apps suck. Every one I've seen has a bad obviously-web-derived UI.

1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45250878

I made a (hobby) project that utilized this strategy (Flutter + wrapped webview app), and it honestly seems like the way to go for my needs.

What is your app? Would love to try it out to get a feel for the experience.

This is a persistent and pervasive problem that I have with nearly any of BigTech's framework/tooling flavor-of-the-month.

Not only are they often overengineered (at least, for the vast majority of people's usecases), but adopting them means you're adopting a consistently moving target who's priorities are chasing whatever trend BigTech has convinced itself is The Next Big Thing(TM) - often reinventing the wheel yet again in the process - whether you're on board or not. Not to mention possibly getting caught up in change-of-licensing issues (eg Terraform switching to BSL/BUSL) or cult-of-personality drama by the maintainers (Wordpress)

There is a place for these frameworks, even beyond their use in the house they were built at and for, but for the vast majority of usecases, they're not merely overcomplicated, but continually changing in their complexity to boot.

As an amateur, how can you tell that's it's overly complex? Do you understand what you're even looking at? Or do you feel that you should be able to understand it and anything above your ability to understand is "over engineered?" This seems like the Dunning-Kruger effect more than anything else.

It’s because if a webview app experience is good, you don’t notice it, you only notice if it’s bad.

A while ago saw a blog link on HN that explained how Apple uses it everywhere and we never notice it because they are done well. Of course I can’t find that link now, I summon the HN gods…

I've done it before on a personal project and I was pretty obsessed with user experience. For example, I changed the way buttons work (because they were natively links with Cordova, which trigger upon tap, not "finger lift", like native buttons). Also, implemented some gestures to e.g. switch between pages (tab-style navigation). While not really in line with system UI (wasn't my goal), I think usability is quite decent.

In case you're interested, the app is named "QuickÖV" - not relevant to anyone outside Switzerland, but just for trying it out: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.billhillap...

I have experienced the opposite with Zed, which has its own bespoke UI framework - it behaved somewhat unexpectedly and didn't work exactly how I'm used to an UI to behave giving me this uncanny feeling.

This kinda shows you how much effort and experience goes into getting an UI framework right, and the long tail quirks (of which there are a zillion) matter for UX, and while I appreciate they took on the task of breaking away from the browser, it's understandable why someone wants to ship an app on time and budget goes with a web based solution.

I use Voyager, a client for Lemmy, on a daily basis and it’s my favorite mobile (iPad) app. Voyager is the spiritual successor to the Apollo client for Reddit.

https://github.com/aeharding/voyager

The app uses Ionic’s Capacitor, which to my rudimentary understanding is the webview-based upgrade of Cordova. I’ve had far fewer issues with this app than the likes of Bluesky (react native) and Discord (I think also react native but not sure).

The webview approach seems to be the only way for a one-person team to feasible provide a cross-platform app with an app-store presence. Another promising alternative to Capacitor is Tauri Mobile which does essentially the same thing, but mobile doesn’t seem to be a high priority for them.

Obsidian. In android it's the best markdown editor.

Well you haven't used the cutting-edge latest breed. Try using Uber in a browser. There's many high-quality apps today where you honestly cannot tell that it's a website running in a browser. There are many many more but I can only think of Uber off the top of my head.

Do you use iOS by any chance? On android I've very noticed performance problems. Even in apps like Discord and Instagram. But Google maps and Duolingo are pretty bad at times for example. So it's not webviews that are the common denominator here

Yes? Dear lord I want determinism

by llm you surely mean tech debt generators right?

Not every user interface need to become a LLM chat app.

Using apps made with Electron or those so-called "universal" UI frameworks I wish nothing more than for everything to be native.

Hell not even users can’t agree, as would be seen on any comments about this topic, on stuff like whether lists should scroll up when swiping down, or scroll down when swiping up :')

> its nearly better to write your business UI 3 times one for each platform.

Anyone have any experience of doing this for a complex and long-life app?

You don’t do that though. You write your logic in a common languages and then the UI is an external layer you switch with build settings. The thing is, yiur choice is usually c|c++. Or an embedded language like lua. RN has gone the latter route and then extend it further by using React as a DSL for the UI.

I can share a bit on this one. I’m doing hybrid apps for the last 8 years and stick to Cordova on my day job but also tried Flutter and RN for a bit. As I’ve seen some other comments about the iOS/Android look and feel (swiping gestures, etc.), Ionic (or the Cupertino package in Flutter) is the way to go. Without this, it would be a lot of trouble. However, as the recent iOS 26 update has shown, neither Ionic nor Flutter is going to support the new liquid glass design (yet). Since we never went with “our app must exactly match the (apple) design guides” this is not a problem for us but I’m sure others would love to be able to adapt the new liquid glass style. I also never heard of any app being rejected due to being a hybrid app or not having the correct look and feel. Of course, you might see/feel that it’s not a native app but who cares. Back in the days we even used a OTA plugin (it was a MS plugin, don’t remember the name) to automatically ship new .js/.html files without going through the review process. If I remember correctly Ionic still provides something like this.

When it comes to native stuff it get’s tricky. As always it really depends on the use case of the app. In our case we develop a navigation app using a native SDK to show a map + turn-by-turn nav + offline maps etc. This is probably the most non ideal use case for a hybrid app. We developed a few plugins to share data between js /native to initialize the map etc. However, the idea of sharing business logic is long gone. There’s so much stuff that’s happening natively and each time we implement it on Android, we have to switch to iOS and implement the Swift version of it.

Some others have also mentioned that a single person now has to know three platforms (iOS, android and Cordova (in our case with ionic + angular). This is true and the real downside. I’m quite familiar with iOS and android yet I’d never call myself a native iOS / Android developer. Yet, I’ve to write so much native code regarding permission handling, geolocation, threading (Ui/non-ui) and there’s always a ton to stuff happening from version to version (e.g. 16 KB Page Size on Android, iOS support for rotation the device/adaptive layout on iPadOS, etc). This is where a lot of time is lost. And the time is not only lost there but also with unmaintained outdated community plugins you suddenly need to understand and fix.

That said, platform lock-in is bad for business because it makes operations dependent on a single provider, but I have no delusions that a web front-end is better.

Their Cocoa based frameworks were good for their time, I'll grant you that. Swift & SwiftUI, at least in their current state, are a mess with some pretty fundamental issues.

> native code for the native notifications, GPS and healthkit / health connect.

Push notifications and mental real estate by being “an app” are the primary business reason (based on both statsig experiments I’ve seen across my career as well as some intuition about behavioral psychology regarding the app mental real estate bit).

That. And specifically, fuck Apple and their prohibition on JITs.

Could your processing work in a webview? i.e. webgl or webasm or similar and you communicate with it via postMessage. Something like Polygen might help with the scaffolding, but I have not tried it personally

I try this every decade. Love the first few months for speed. Then I end up paying the price later when I want to integrate "new OS feature X" or make a system gesture/style/animation feel native.

Lack of swipe for back on iOS is usually the easiest way to tell I'm looking at a web view.

But it's been about a decade so I'm due...

Swipe to go back can be implemented in frontend.

It's been a couple of years since I used it, but I think the Ionic framework has this feature.

https://ionicframework.com/

Lack of swipe back actually isn't an indicator. Apple doesn't even follow that pattern everywhere

Using webviews on native platforms can look very appealing from a management perspective: a single codebase, simpler coordination, reduced UX overhead, and faster iteration cycles.

And let's not forget QA testing across these hybrid layers is an absolute nightmare as well.

In the end, my view is simple: If a company can't afford dedicated native teams, they probably shouldn't build a native app. (Of course, smaller apps with limited complexity should be fine)

Works until you need complex native code for things like automatic image capture assisted by a bounding model.

Isn't there a high chance your app is going to be rejected from app stores because you use a web view? You can change your whole app completely upon approval.

Or you ship your HTML/JS and not just embed a URL?

Do you use some framework for "WebView app" ? Like Tauri, etc ? Or is everything coded from scratch ?

How is a WebView app better than a webapp?

I wholeheartedly agree for the same reasons, and I even use discord a lot (for personal/social reasons, not for support/business reasons).

[0] https://github.com/Snapchat/Valdi/blob/main/docs/docs/workfl...

With Swift SDK for Android, you can write all of your code logic in Swift for both and only need write the native UI related code for Android and iOS.

https://www.swift.org/blog/nightly-swift-sdk-for-android/

This is a persistent and pervasive problem that I have with nearly any of BigTech's framework/tooling flavor-of-the-month.

In case you're interested, the app is named "QuickÖV" - not relevant to anyone outside Switzerland, but just for trying it out: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.billhillap...

Obsidian. In android it's the best markdown editor.

Yes? Dear lord I want determinism

Not every user interface need to become a LLM chat app.

This comments spot on. Coming from a guy that used to do mobile professionally as a one man show where the company had multiple apps and multiple stacks. I had the least pain from the ionic stack which I guess is a happy middle ground, but even then there's always some new app store requirement changes to adhere that's almost a full-time job in itself.

There is no reason you can't do that via web. Image capture in a canvas gives you access to the raw image pixmap data.

It's mostly shipped with the web assets. But yes that would make it very difficult to get approved by Apple. Not by Google though

Not a problem if you’re deploying using MDM.

I just rolled my own. I always find frameworks bring too many “weird errors” that waste my time trying to figure them out. Also, they’re just another thing that needs upgrading eventually, and they love to COMPLETELY change their APIs between each major version. (“FrungisFactory is deprecated! Try the new async-fibre-layout BloopisGrid now before we completely delete that thing that worked perfectly for you!”)

The platforms provide more than enough capability to build basic WebView apps with minimal effort, and usually the DX is good.

Native escape hatch, for when you need native capability. For example, my app uses the Zebra DataWedge API on Zebra Android devices.

Native experience for users, where the app appears in their app drawer/library. The app doesn’t disappear randomly like shortcuts do on iOS (maybe this is fixed now?).

Better DX for certain features, like notifications, storage, control of caching, local network device access, etc.

A WebView satisfies everyone who insists on using a native app for something that could have just been a website.

And it’s still usable as a website for everyone else on any platform.

Tons of software projects have moved their communities to discord. Not saying it's a great thing, but you're self selecting out of the future.

If the future is unable to think critically, I'll stay in the past.

Just because everyone is doing it doesn't mean it's a good idea, or that we should just shut up and accept it. That's the non-monied part of how enshittification proliferates: "Well everyone else is doing it!" "It's the future, get with the times and deal with it"

I agree, this is the way. To be clear: I'm not a mobile developer, and have only dabbled with it over the years, but I'm generally familiar with the stacks.

Agreed.

One extra clarification: If the quality of your app is business critical you should really use the native UI toolkit to offer the best platform integration and user experience.

If your app is not business critical (you just have to offer it - example: dishwasher app, ..) you might get away with using a cross platform toolkit like flutter or react native. But even then this adds a 3rd party dependency as you mentioned which adds risk.

Writing an App in Swift on iOS is boring. The same thing is true for writing an Android app using Kotlin/Java. This is a good thing. Now your developers can concentrate on shipping great features.

For context, I am a dev, and I've done RN apps in the past.

To me it's crazy how many people work on these seemingly simple applications.

How many people do you need to build JUST the native Android and iOS app for snapchat?

Is the "single" codebase really worth all the added complexity and additional risk?

I'd always go the native route if the user experience is business critical.

I hear this and it makes sense but when I actually go about implementing it, it quickly falls apart.

Or do you just put business logic in the common core? Is there really that much business logic that doesn't issue requests or access a database?

Excellent Points, this is where the answer is "it depends".

> What do you put in the common core? Android does HTTP requests one way. iOS does them another way. You go for the lowest common denominator an implement a third way, using libcurl or something?

If it's really functionality that cannot reasonable be shared don't share it.

It's probably more work to maintain bindings to a single API client in the core and fiddle with all the details of not using the native HTTP client implementations that it is to implement the API client twice.

Writing the API client twice is boring, but that's a good thing.

> Or do you just put business logic in the common core? Is there really that much business logic that doesn't issue requests or access a database?

The shared core is optional. You might have the need for it, then it's a good solution.

For an app like snapchat you'd probably share the video effects and have that in your core library.